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Generalized covariant prescriptions for averaging cosmological observables

G. Fanizza, M. Gasperini, G. Marozzi, G. Veneziano

Abstract
We present two new covariant and general prescriptions for averaging scalar observables on spatial regions typical of the observed sources and intersecting the past light-cone of a given observer. One of these prescriptions is adapted to sources exactly located on a given space-like hypersurface, the other applies instead to situations where the physical location of the sources is characterized by the experimental "spread" of a given observational variable. The geometrical and physical differences between the two procedures are illustrated by computing the averaged energy flux received by distant sources located on (or between) constant redshift surfaces, and by working in the context of a perturbed ΛCDM geometry. We find significant numerical differences (of about ten percent or more, in a large range of redshift) even limiting our model to scalar metric perturbations, and stopping our computations to the leading non-trivial perturbative order.

Keywords
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology; Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics; High Energy Physics - Theory

Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics
Volume 2020, Issue 2
2020 February

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Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa Universidade do Porto Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia COMPETE 2020 PORTUGAL 2020 União Europeia