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Snowmass2021 - Letter of interest cosmology intertwined III: fσ8 and S8

E. Di Valentino, L. A. Anchordoqui, Ö. Akarsu, Yacine Ali-Haimoud, L. Amendola, N. Arendse, M. Asgari, M. Ballardini, S. Basilakos, E. Battistelli, M. Benetti, S. Birrer, F. R. Bouchet, M. Bruni, E. Calabrese, D. Camarena, S. Capozziello, Angela Chen, J. Chluba, A. Chudaykin, Eoin Ó. Colgáin, F. -Y. Cyr-Racine, P. de Bernardis, J. de Cruz Pérez, J. Delabrouille, J. Dunkley, C. Escamilla-Rivera, A. Ferté, F. Finelli, W. L. Freedman, N. Frusciante, E. Giusarma, A. Gómez-Valent, W. Handley, I. Harrison, L. Hart, A. Heavens, H. Hildebrandt, D. E. Holz, D. Huterer, M. M. Ivanov, S. Joudaki, M. Kamionkowski, T. Karwal, L. Knox, S. Kumar, L. Lamagna, J. Lesgourgues, M. Lucca, V. Marra, S. Masi, S. Matarrese, A. Mazumdar, A. Melchiorri, O. Mena, L. Mersini-Houghton, V. Miranda, C. Moreno-Pulido, D. F. Mota, J. Muir, A. Mukherjee, F. Niedermann, A. Notari, R. C. Nunes, F. Pace, A. Paliathanasis, A. Palmese, Supriya Pan, D. Paoletti, V. Pettorino, F. Piacentini, V. Poulin, M. Raveri, A. G. Riess, V. Salzano, E. N. Saridakis, A. A. Sen, A. Shafieloo, Anowar J. Shajib, J. Silk, A. Silvestri, M. S. Sloth, Tristan L. Smith, J. Solà Peracaula, C. van de Bruck, L. Verde, L. Visinelli, B. D. Wandelt, D. Wang, J. -M. Wang, A. K. Yadav, W. Yang, T. Basaglia

Abstract
The standard Λ Cold Dark Matter cosmological model provides a wonderful fit to current cosmological data, but a few statistically significant tensions and anomalies were found in the latest data analyses. While these anomalies could be due to the presence of systematic errors in the experiments, they could also indicate the need for new physics beyond the standard model. In this Letter of Interest we focus on the tension between Planck data and weak lensing measurements and redshift surveys, in the value of the matter energy density Ωm and the amplitude σ8 (or the growth rate fσ8) of cosmic structure. We list a few promising models for solving this tension, and discuss the importance of trying to fit multiple cosmological datasets with complete physical models, rather than fitting individual datasets with a few handpicked theoretical parameters.

Keywords
cosmological tensions; cosmological parameters; Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics; High Energy Physics - Phenomenology

Astroparticle Physics
Volume 131, Number 1026
2021 September

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Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa Universidade do Porto Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia COMPETE 2020 PORTUGAL 2020 União Europeia